Pathogens Essay

Pathogens atomic number 18 everywhere. They argon in people, animals, and the environment. Pathogens derive in a wide variety. The types atomic number 18 fungous, bacterial, viral, and other parasites. All pathogens slew be dangerous, but deuce of them be more than dangerous. These two types that more dangerous be fungal and bacterial. While both fungal and bacterial pathogens cause illness, they differ in the way they atomic number 18 contractable, the way they atomic number 18 hardened, and the ailments they cause. First, the way fungal and bacterial pathogens are communicable is contrary.Most fungal pathogens are not transmitted person to person but instead by inhaling fungal spores. On the other hand bacterial pathogens are transmitted in many another(prenominal) ways homogeneous through touch and air. bacterial pathogens are also transmitted by bodily fluids. The to the highest degree super acid infection that is transmitted by airborne pathogens is Tuberculos is. many of the Bacterial diseases that are transmitted Group A Streptococcus, Invasive Group B Streptococcal, Haemophilus influenza. Some bacterial diseases transmitted by bodily fluids are Chlamydia, Gonorrhea, Syphilis, and Chancroid.Second, they are different in the way they are treated. Bacterial infections are normally treated with antibiotics pills. Penicillin was discovered in the 1920s by a British scientist named black lovage Fleming. Fleming almost accidently discovered the natural growing substance. He named it Penicillin after the genus Penicillium mold that made it. The first antibiotic discovered that could attack sealed bacteria was Penicillin. In 1940 two scientists, Howard Florey and Ernest Chain, were researching projects in bacteriology looking for ways to promote or continue with chemistry.Using chemistry they created a brown powder that unplowed its power for more than a few years. After experimenting they found it to be safe. It was needed right away on t he front lines of World warfare II so mass production started right away. Penicillin saved many lives that would pee-pee been lost due to bacterial infection even in minor appalls (Rosenberg, n. d. ). On the other hand fungal infections are usually treated using antifungal creams or injections. antimycotic agent creams are use to treat things like athletes foot, ringworm of the groin and body, strip infection because of Candida yeast.A serious general infections like crypotococcal meningitis. Antifungal injections are employ to treat infections like monilia disease, Coccidiomycosis, and Crypotococcal Meningitis. Antifungals work by exploiting differences in mammalian and fungal cells to kill the fungal organisms with no dangerous effects on the host. fungous and human cells are alike at the molecular level. Antifungal medicines lay just about cause side effects some could be fatal if the drug is not used properly (Antifungal medication, n. d. ). Finally, the diseases that f ungal and bacterial pathogens cause are completely different.Fungal diseases are rarer and more likely to be fatal. One of the most fatal fungal pathogens is Candida. Candidiasis infections have many types the most unwashed non-fatal type is oral also known as thrush. Invasive Candidiasis infections occur if Candida yeast gets in your bloodstream and you have a emasculated immune system and a yeast infection goes untreated. Candidiasis infections have a forty to fifty percent death rate rate for systemic infections (Hidalgo, 1994-2013). Bacterial diseases are more common and there are so many different types.Some bacterial infections are Botulism, Lyme disease, and gonorrhea. Botulism is a disease that causes neuropalsy because of a neurotoxin produced by Clostridium Botulinum. The leash types of botulism are infant botulism, foodborne botulism, and wound botulism. Infant botulism is caused by ingested C Botulinum spores that germinate in the catgut and produce toxin. Infant bot ulism has less than a one percent mortality rate. Foodborne botulism is most commonly caused by improperly canned or home-prepared foods. Foodborne Botulism carries a mortality rate of five to ten percent.Wound botulism is caused by contamination of a wound with toxin producing Botulinum. Wound botulism has a mortality rate of fifteen to 17 percent (Chan-Tack, 1994 2013). Lyme disease is caused by bacteria called borrelia burgdorferi. It is carried by black straight-legged ticks that have bitten mice or deer infected with Lyme disease. Stage one of Lyme disease is when the bacteria has entered the body but has spread throughout the body. Stage two is when the disease has spread through the body some. Stage is a far-flung infection.Each stage of Lyme disease also has different symptoms. Stage one symptoms are like the flu. The symptoms include fever, body-wide itches, and muscle pain. Stage two symptoms are paralysis or weakness of face muscles, pain or swelling the knees or other large joints, muscle pain, and pith problems. Stage three symptoms are muscle weakness, numbness and tingling, abnormal muscle movement, and speech problems. Stage three of Lyme disease can cause long term joint inflammation, heart rhythm problems, and brain and nervous system problems.These problems include concentration problems, reminiscence problems, nerve damage, sleep disorders, and vision problems. (Lyme Disease, 2013). Gonorrhea is caused by a bacterium called Neisseria gonorrhoeae. The bacteria grow in warm, moist areas of the body, like the tube that carries piss out of the body. In women the bacteria can be found in the reproductive tract. Symptoms normally fall out in two to five days after infection. Sometimes symptoms take up to a month to appear and some people never have any symptoms. Some symptoms are burning and pain while urinating, sore throat, and discharge from the penis or vagina.Complications like joint infections, heart valve infection, or meningitis may occur in both men and women. Scarring or narrowing of the urethra or pus roughly the urethra may occur may occur in men. Pelvic instigative disease, scarring of the fallopian tubes, infertility may also occur in women (Gonorrhea, 2013). In Short, while fungal and bacterial pathogens are different in the way they are transmitted, the diseases they cause, and the way they are treated. They are dangerous to us because the hold a form we cant see without a microscope.They cause diseases like Candidiasis and Botulism. The infections are treated with pills, creams, and injections. These pathogens are most commonly transmitted by touch, inhalation, bodily fluids, and air. They cant be avoided all of the time. We leave behind never see them coming but, we can increase our knowledge about them. Increasing our knowledge will decrease our chances or getting them by knowing what causes them we can avoid them better. References Rosenberg, J. (n. d. ). Alexander Fleming Discovers Penicillin . Retrieved from http//history1900s. about. om/od/medicaladvancesissues/a/penicillin. htm Antifungal medication. (n. d. ). Retrieved from http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Antifungal_medication Hidalgo, J. A. (1994-2013). Candidiasis. Retrieved from http//emedicine. medscape. com/article/213853-overviewshowall Chan-Tack, K. M. (1994-2013). Botulism. Retrieved from http//emedicine. medscape. com/article/213311-overviewshow Lyme Disease. (2013). Retrieved from http//www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002296/ Gonorrhea. (2013). Retrieved from http//www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0004526/